Blue Mage. Which, yes, is a joke job. You linked a BLU spell as your evidence of an ability that "did more damage when you were more damaged" before "they made a better version then slapped it on warrior."
The problem? Again, Upheaval was added to WAR before BLU was even added to the game.
I was the one who mentioned Spirit's Within in the first place, which, again has never dealt more damage based on missing %HP.
Nor did Paladin have any max-HP increasing to synergize with Spirit's Within('s dealing its full potency only at full HP) by allowing defensive CDs to buff its max damage.
EDIT:
I see. I still find it very strange to call the return of Warrior's XI ability a matter of Spirit's Within being improved and "then slapped onto Warrior". Both had always been HP-scaled skills, with Upheaval (a sort of a more fluid blend of Maim into 1.x Storm's Path into the end of Butcher's Block) being modified by VIT and Spirit's Within dealing current HP as damage directly.
Heck, the skill itself wasn't even improved, really. The second clause only adds clarity. The reason Upheaval could do more than Spirit's Within was purely that Warrior had access to increased maximum HP via Defiance and Thrill of Battle, while Paladin did not.
Kinda wish people would at least look at where the skills are coming from before insisting that a given job is somehow just gobbling up the kits of everything else. Yes, just copying the best of other jobs is a frequent recourse for jobs that need a rapid replacement for a new skill or trait panned as dead-on-arrival -- and so Warrior has seen its fair share of copy-pasta (see also SGE, MCH redesigns, etc.)-- but that's not really the case here.
:: And the moment you can use BLU's Revenge Blast in content still current at that time, you'll have your example. Good luck finding an example on a real job, though.