It's also only one quest.
Just by doing the start city quests, before you even leave town you can be level 4ish and have a couple hundred gil in your pocket. Everyone in game can easily do those quests...multiply that out by how many people can live on your server and it adds up...and these are low-reward quests, you do gain more gil as a reward as you level. Also, you logic is flawed...SE will keep adding content and storyline (and therefore, gil) to this game. They can adjust it as time goes on if they need to. But right now, the big priority IS to spread around Legacy wealth...and drain a fair bit of it.
Oh, and you can't fix stupid....if someone wants to spend 500 gil to teleport, instead of 50 on a chocobo porter... that is their loss. Never spend more to travel than you will gain going to that area.
And no...you should never teleport City-city...that's what airships are for (200 gil) and 'favorite' teleports. A smart 'favored' teleport/HP will save you tons of gil.
Also, the in-game economy is far more complex than just simple gil in-out ratios.
Gil is not the only currency. We also have Company Seals and Tombstones. You also get 'free' gear, (dungeon drops/quest rewards/AF etc) which while it doesn't generate gil...it keeps you from spending it.
Gil is really only for: Travel, NPC purchases and player-to player sales (both trade-style and MB's). Company Seals=promotions and decent gears. Tombstones=high-end items, weaponry and gears (which supplement player spending on crafted gears etc.)
So are you right that the 'gil seems tight'? Yup.
Is it economy breaking? No. They are just purposefully deflating the Legacy servers, and keeping the New servers prices low.
PS: I'm not able to look at my gathering logs atm...but some sites show Darkmatter as a DOL-gatherable resource. Which means, if you have a friend and/or the craft leveled, you can literally fix your gear for free. Just stock up on Darkmatter (assuming you or a friend can gather it of course). So, basically, I apologize if I am wrong on being able to actually gather DM, but still, repair fees: gear breaking ratios aren't that bad...and SE will tweak them, if they think we're over-spending on them.