Let's see.

A handful of 80s. That's good.

Elemental level 1 - so no clears on BA, that's something you can pursue. I'm assuming you've cleared Bozjda? If not go there for some additional content. Both of those have their own progression system seperate from Raiding - but they're good PVE content with their own interesting systems.

If you're looking for a Challenge, you can go for clears of Deep Dungeon or Heaven on High - both can be done solo with some of the jobs you already have leveled.

Your doggo and dragon collection is lacking, so Extremes of either or are still on the table for you.

Blue Mage isn't even unlocked - that's even more fights for you, though those are exclusively solo. If you're missing things like elemental mechanics, those exist in the Masked Carnival.

So it looks like you still have lots and lots of PvE content to do - FFXIV isn't lacking at all for it. What seems to be lacking is your scope of gameplay.

This stuff may not be relevant to your ilvl, but I guarantee you that your ilvl will be irrelevant come November. At best you'll get through the second new story dungeon with the absolute BIS you have. As far as goals and challenges, FFXIV has plenty, but it's not about gear-score progression or about being inaccessible to all but the most hardcore of players. But there ARE challenges out there that will require time and dedication, if you're looking for that.

You just have to actually look.