
Originally Posted by
Cleretic
From my perspective, it's less about what you did and more the approach to how you did it.
Hythlodaeus making the robes out of butterflies is a great example, because Leatherworker's story actually makes it pretty clear that they teach a deep respect for the animals you're getting the leather from; this is both in the actual teaching from the guildmaster, and later becomes a huge tentpole of the Stormblood storyline where you're doing taxidermy. Meanwhile, Hythlodaeus' response when you ask about that is, as others said, purely pragmatic; he doesn't really pay any mind to the life he asked you to snuff out for clothes, he thinks that there's no issues whatsoever with it. And this is Hythlodaeus we're talking about, perhaps the nicest and most considerate person in the Ancient world. If even he doesn't give a damn about the lives of animals, what does that say about the overall population's outlook on the same?
For the other example the OP gave with Y'shtola's familiars, I think the importance is more in how she reacts afterwards than how she acts at the time; she clearly actually does care about the nixies and feels terrible about the one she had to put in harm's way, even if she does put up her usual unflappable facade. It's completely different to the Ancients just watching their creations die and going 'welp, that didn't work, lesson learned'. Also I think the familiars might actually be extensions of her aether in the same way carbuncles are, going by how she dismissed them, so it might be less of a 'test these with animals' and more akin to 'I'm gonna stick my hand in there'.
I think boiling down deeds into purely 'heroic character did X, villainous character did X too, these are equal' is completely dismissing context, that the heroic characters both treat those around them better and typically have a benevolent (or at least neutral) end goal in mind. I've seen the same thing from people trying to argue that the WoL is an indiscriminate murderer because they killed members of beast tribes, in which they usually completely ignore the context of ongoing conflicts, imposing primal threats, or the at-the-time impossibility of curing tempering. 'A lost life is always a lost life' is a perfectly noble blanket thing to claim, but saying that the WoL killing a violent, tempered sahagin is cold-blooded murder on the level of the Ascians sacrificing planets' worth of people is disingenuous.