Elementals and the Shroud

[Enkidoh]

The elementals being found throughout the entirety of creation (and thus throughout Eorzea) was old 1.0 lore that may still be current or not - it was meant to explain why elementals could actually be found and fought as enemies gameplay wise in every zone of the game. ARR though kind of altered that in elementals as enemies were replaced by the non-sentinent 'sprites' encountered everywhere (it's interesting to note these particular later enemies were actually called 'elementals' earlier in FFXI) and it was kind of retconned that the Calamity seemed to depower them in a sense so they now remain generally out of sight (two showed up during the level 30 CNJ class quest fight in ARR, or did, I did the CNJ class quests back in 2013 so I have no idea if SE has kept this intact or not).

There was never as far I know any explanation given as to why the elementals are more focused and potent within the Black Shroud, but given the Shroud's close proximity to Mor Dhona (and thus, Lake Silvertear), which is the nexus point of the rivers of aether within Hydaelyn, it's possible this may have resulted in them being more concentrated there by default.

[Iscah]

(two showed up during the level 30 CNJ class quest fight in ARR, or did, I did the CNJ class quests back in 2013 so I have no idea if SE has kept this intact or not).

Yes, they still appear. I noticed them recently.

They can also be encountered in Eureka.