The game is entirely built around the need to complete dungeons and trials to continue further into the story. They're the core content of the game, not a side activity, so "avoiding the dungeon so you can learn to fly without it" is the least of your problems if you want to be able to make progress and play the entire game.

I'm guessing you might have gotten a story skip and only started with Shadowbringers, because this is nothing new. Every other zone up to this point has only ever given you the last aether current at the end of questing in that region, which generally requires completing a dungeon as part of MSQ, or optional dungeons which will also have an aether current tied to them.

Certainly it would be nice to unlock it just by the effort of seeking out the currents, but if your actual concern is the mandatory dungeons then no, they are not something you can avoid at all.

Just pick a DPS class, use your trusts, let other people handle the complicated bits of trials, and get through it as best you can.