1. I'm not talking about the balance gauge, though I do consider it a good thing. I'm talking more literally. The current job is balanced three ways by the three poles of Red Magic.
2. Or, you can have it work like it does currently, where it is actually present even if it's just in the form of the damage spells.
3. Changing the role name requires changing the underlying system where ranged vs melee carries weight. And ultimately sword and magic are tied together currently in Red Mage. You keep stating desires that are covered by the existing system.
4. You'll have to provide actual evidence and not bold claims that Dualcast, as opposed to the Balance Gauge, is at the center of the job. I offer a proposal. What happens if you remove Dualcast versus what happens if you remove the Balance Gauge? If you remove Dualcast the job is a bit less fluid, but it still works. If you remove the Balance Gauge you remove the entirety of their enchanted attacks, all of their upgrades, and in general lose what makes the job what it is. Feel free to provide some sort of evidence to the contrary, but I don't see it. You can make do without Dualcast. You can't make do without the Balance Gauge really.
5. And if you describe the job gauges and such for any job they don't fit. Do Black Mages spam Fire and then recharge with Blizzard? Do Summoners throw around DoT with a weird charge system? So on and so forth. The specific execution varies from game to game in general. Black Magic in FFX, for instance, has no status effects, in spite of that being a big part of the job previously. FFXI Black Mages have access to six elements in a major way, while most FF's they only have three of note (they may have more, but it's up for debate if you'd call them "of note"). I can do this with any job. They all shift, from game to game, depending on the circumstances and what fits. In X Black Mages don't have status effects because Wakka has them. In XI Black Mages have all six elements because they tried to create a more balanced approach to the elements in terms of importance.
What does all of this have to do with Red Mages in XIV? It's the same story. Red Mages are a job that uses Black, White, and Sword to great effect. You can not remove any of them from the job, and the entire system is built around using the three. In XIV this takes the effect of balancing Black and White to use them both effectively and unleash an enchanted sword attack. Why does it work this way? Because it's a Ranged DPS, and needs to work in such a way that it can perform that role without conflict. That it has actual sword attacks as opposed to simple sword discharges is plenty for it given the role it has.
And the sword not having a major presence outside of... the entire focus of the job, is not a criticism of note.
6. You have to replace them because, again, they're a key part of the way the job works. You could replace them without spenders. But then what does the job look like? It doesn't fit the same way. Thereby indicating you need them to make it really click together.
7. Yes, and again, it's a Ranged DPS. It should be spending a lot of time at ranged. That doesn't change the fact that the sword is an important part of its moveset and overall ability list.
8. Neither Caster DPS nor Hybrid are acceptable options, unless you go with the latter and make it a Limited job. So, again, you need to design within the system and not outside of it. If you can't then you can't make any valid complaints.
9. What you've proposed is either a 2:1 or a 1:1 ratio when it comes to physical vs magic, when it would, at least, need to be 1:2 because again, it's a mage. And again, it needs to fit the ranged aspect. It isn't a melee job. It shouldn't be spending too much time in melee range. It causes balance options unless it's specifically a Melee DPS, and if it is then you should emphasize that more. Maybe borrow from Fencer for stuff.
10. As I have said repeatedly, ideal world? I'd make Red Mage a Melee Caster DPS or Support. That isn't an option. So then you need to look into the current system and see what you can do. You could, theoretically, make a Red Mage for every one of the five roles barring perhaps Ranged Physical DPS (they do get Bows fairly regularly, but I think most would balk at them being a bow user, even if funnily Serah and Lightning from XIII are very Red Mage like with the changing weapons). Each one would emphasize different things over the other. Here? We have a job that uses magic at range then jumps in to do some fancy sword work. It's a Ranged DPS, and ultimately this is the way it should be because to do otherwise destabilizes the system.