Questions I didnt find answer in Ative Help

[Reinha]

2. The end goal is to get a pedigree 9 chocobo with full 5 star stats and one good inherited ability/trait. In the beginning you can just focus on the star ratings and make sure the offspring gets some 5 star ratings in their heritage that you can then carry on to the next chocobo. You can add 5 star ratings to your chocobos' bloodline by getting lucky with covering permissions and breedings.

Both parents have their 2 sets of stats (red and blue) and in the breeding the game randomly chooses either color of an individual stat to carry over to the offspring. The dam's randomly selected stats become your new chocobo's red stats and the sire's randomly selected stats become your new chocobos blue stats. Race stats are rolled from your chocobo's red and blue stats but race stats don't affect breeding in any way, only the red and blue heritage stats do.

4. You can send your retainers on ventures by paying them a currency called Venture, which you can get by various means. You can unlock this functionality by doing a quest called An Ill-conceived Venture. It's found in all cities but I'm not sure if you need to complete the one found in your starting city. Before sending them to get you stuff you have to pick a class and equip the retainer. Here's some more info: http://ffxiv.gamerescape.com/wiki/Retainer_Ventures

5. If you have room in your bags I would suggest you keep all gear that is pink, green or blue quality so you can turn it over to your company in the future. Otherwise I'd say you can discard all tradeable materials that don't sell for much on the market, but keep everything that is unsellable until you're sure you don't need it.

[Niwashi]

You can roll Need if your current job is able to equip that piece of loot, if not you can roll greed or pass.

Well, it's not actually based on whether you can equip it or not. It's based on whether the gear is designed for your job or not. At endgame, most gear is only equippable by the job(s) it's designed for, so that difference isn't as noticeable. While leveling, though, everyone can equip most mage gear and tanks can equip DoW damage dealer gear. But regardless of that, it's only your own role's gear where you'll have access to using a Need roll. Being able to equip another role's gear doesn't give you more loot options.

... a quest called An Ill-conceived Venture. It's found in all cities but I'm not sure if you need to complete the one found in your starting city.

You can do it in whichever city you wish, regardless of where you started.