Well firstly, the padjal are lore restricted to being servants of the elementals and are exclusively born from hyur (no other race can become a padjal), and are technically bound to the Black Shroud serving the forest's will. Hence the free-spirited, go-anywhere-do-anything lifestyle of an adventurer is completely at odds with the padjal. Hence they will never be playable.
As for Garleans, they're not even a race, they're just midlander hyur who due to a genetic quirk cannot manipulate aether in their bodies, hence they are physically incapable of using magic (which is why they developed technology, specifically magitek, to compensate). As adventurers have access to magic classes like THM/BLM again this would restrict gameplay, thus 'true-born' Garleans will again never be made as a player chooseable race I'm sorry to say.
In regards to exploring other lands, considering we still have plenty of regions to explore within Eorzea, I think it will be a while before we start travelling outside Eorzea to other continents/countries, especially as most nations outside Eorzea are just Garlean subjects anyway - although FFXIV is a different game, FFXI didn't start travelling outside the 'Middle Lands' where the game started til the third expansion pack, so as FFXIV has only just gained it's first expansion, I doubt we'll be travelling outside Aldenard/Vlybrand for quite a few years at least I'm sorry to say.
And finally, Eorzea is not in the 'far south west hemisphere' - Eorzea is roughly analogous to Africa and sits roughly on the equator into the northern hemisphere, this old thread from version 1.0 determined that. In fact, the introduction scene to ARR clearly states that Eorzea consists of the 'largest of the three Great Continents' (the other two being Islabard, being roughly 'European' where the Garlean Empire have their capital, and Othard where Doma is located and has more of an Asian feel) - the 'southwestern continent' is Mercyadia, where the ACN class and plainsfolk lalafell originated. But I digress...