I am thinking that single-word/ Norse-inspired named Dragons are a sign of rank, more or less.

We see that Ess Khas who's already and adult and a father still has a draconic name despite his potential age.

So yes, I do think that if a dragon is strong enough to lead they are then bestowed a name maybe by a great wyrm they swore allegiance to?

So far, all the norse-named dragons we've bumped into where all very strong; either sub bosses of dungeons or in FATEs. The ones with the Draconic names seem to be on the weaker side