They had an attempt at something like this in 1.0 with battle regimens. They didn't give us skill chains like fragmentation, reverberation etc but did put status effects on the mob like lowering magic defence or increasing the mobs cast timers/mp consumption. The problem was that they just weren't very good and were abandoned fairly early on. They certainly weren't as complex as in xi. Unfortunately I doubt we could have a skillchain system like the one in xi as the action in xiv is quicker and coordinating skillchains while keeping up optimum rotations would be difficult.
I like the idea of combining individual limit breaks for a skillchain though. Main reason I loved playing SAM so much in xi was the complexity the role of skillchain coordination. At one time I could probably have instantly told you which ws from all jobs and in what order were needed for whichever skillchain.