Dodgeball was an example. But seems like you didn't understand it at all ^^: its all about who performed the action.

Its like kendo, where you need to parry in a certain way or avoid an attack in a certain way to be able to properly use a counter move. If the dude is retard and just hit the air (AKA missed you) this still wouldn't be enough for you to catch him in the proper position for countering.