I thought Alpha's robot buddy was a fake.
Is it implied (or otherwise explicitly stated) that this is somehow the actual Omega? Or were you referring to something else?
That final cutscene still tugs at my heartstrings, though.
As for most powerful thing, I wanted to point toward Ultima, but neither spell nor high seraph proved to be anything but disappointing.
Midgardsormr is probably up there, and he's definitely not "spent." He's just napping. Source:
https://na.finalfantasyxiv.com/lodes.../#sidestory_08 Fun fact: This story also mentions the replica Omega.
However, I would still say the greatest threat we're
aware of would probably whatever star was at war with the Dragonstar, if they're still around (I don't recall). Omega is scary, but it's just a weapon.