However, as the latest short story shows, the doomed timeline is able to continue existing and moving forward because there’s no force to prevent it from existing. Sending G’raha back simply caused it to become a branch in the timeline, which was speculated as a possibility both in the story and in-game (heck, the branch thing was emphasized in game because people were working for “a future they will never see” since it won’t change their situation at all. And there’s also the fact there isn’t some Greater Force(TM) to forcibly remove them like in Homestuck (which spends the majority of its time in the strange game/not-game world of Paradox Space).
Think of it like this diagram here:
I color-coded each timeline in addition to the “base” where things happened the same. In the base timeline, G’raha was snoozing in the Crystal Tower. That holds true for both timelines, so think of it as the “trunk” of this “tree”.
The branching point is whether or not the 8th Umbral Calamity occurred. For the doomed timeline, it came to pass and things progressed horribly, which leads to the red “branch”. Breaking off from that branch though is G’raha being eventually awakened and sent back to the trunk at a point well before the Calamity. From here come the events leading up to and continuing until the end of Shadowbringers, where G’raha ultimately merges his mind and soul with his past self, which then continues off on the green branch.
Not pictured is doomed timeline G’raha’s body being left in the First as a lovely statue, but it only serves to cement that everything is as it should be. Because you can’t remove the trunk without removing the branches. That’s Time Travel 101.
In other words, by Occam’s Razor, time travel can never change what has already occurred; only create a new outcome independent of the original. This is actually why the vast majority of time travel plots drive me nuts (including Terminator as much as I love the first two films), but thankfully 14 managed to cleanly avoid that bad trope.
So in any case, yes, while the Ascians sure still exist in the doomed timeline, it’s not our problem. All it means is that a multiverse exists.
Dang, never thought I’d end up talking about Homestuck in detail again anywhere, but I guess it’s true you can NEVER escape the Homestuck. u.u