I think it was Ul'dah or some precursor city to Ul'dah that Sil'dah was fighting, but I'm not 100% sure on that.

As for the Dragoon quest giver, he was the Azure Dragoon, although his true reason for retiring as a Dragoon all together wasn't due to any injuries, but for another reason which I'll refrain from mentioning due to spoilers. His protege ended up becoming the current Azure Dragoon, and is a hyur as well.