I havent had a chance to read all the posts in this thread but this problem plagued me for a few weeks a month or so back. If your running multi monitor setup, try disabling your non main monitors and seeing if you still crash in game. What I did to fix it was.

Exit FF14, Right click desktop > Display Properties > Select 2nd displays > Select Disable from the drop down. Restart your System, Load FF14 up, and then exit the game again. Re-enable Monitors you disabled the same way. I hope this helps. I would randomly crash and tried disbaling any overlays and anything extra none of it helped at the time. I think something In FF14 tries to output to the 2nd monitor causing this crash, thats speculation though.