Urianger is most likely an Arcanist or maybe even a Summoner, hence why he can summon up monsters during his quests. His staff is very similar to the ones the Arcanists in the Limsa guild had.



Of course he was introduced way before the actual class revamps, I'm guessing the decision to change Arcanist weapons to books was pretty recent. Also Ishgard was closed and they didn't even have a stone inside their city like the others, so the poor guy was left all alone with nothing to do.