1. You are playing on Anima, a Japanese world. The dungeon queues match you based on language. Needless to say, most people on Japanese worlds speak Japanese. Therefore, you need to adjust the matching so it puts you with Japanese players.

Do this by pressing U (or typing /dutyfinder), then going to the gold bar at the top and clicking the Cog Wheel (* button), then select J as a language.

2. You can do the dungeons with Duty Support. There is no command for this as far as I know.

3. Lord of the Hive is a trial (so you do it with 8 people similar to Leviathan and Ramuh). A higher level player can help you kill this in a few hits if you recruit for help in /partyfinder and select "Unrestricted". You will also need to select "Unrestricted" when you queue for it using the gold bar at the top of Duty Finder again.

4. You can't actually skip it. Even if you pay money for a story skip and replay the story with New Game+, it will still ask you to complete the trial eventually, although you may have the gear to solo it by then using the Unrestricted setting.