Can't say I have had this technical issue before with a controller, but it almost sounds like a driver or firmware that could be outdated if the controller just isn't "broken".

If you normally connect it to a pc to play, you should be able to check that out in Windows Device Manager to see if it provisioned correctly, and also to see if there is any errors or updates you could apple (you may need to go to manufacturer website)

If you connect to a game system (xbox, ps4, ect...), you may have a console update you need to apply if the controller is not "broken".

Those are the area's I would start with. Sorry I don't have more then the general "make sure everything is updated and turn off and on again" troubleshooting, but checking those will at least make sure that the system and controller are talking right between each other.