In a relationship in which violence is introduced or present, women are slightly more likely to be the ones committing non-reciprocal violence, or the ones starting the reciprocal violence. However, the vast majority of women who commit violence to a partner report doing so out of self-defense (including when she is the first person to be violent, because he may have been using non-violent or non-violent-to-her intimidation to cause her to feel threatened), and the vast majority of men who commit violence to a partner report doing so out of a need for "control". Men are also more likely to commit serious damage during domestic violence, as well as sexual abuse, coercion, and stalking.
Thus, many domestically violent women—especially those who are involved with the criminal justice system—are not the sole perpetrators of violence. The victimization they have experienced from their male partners is an important contextual factor in understanding their motivations for violence. Some women who have been adjudicated for a domestic violence offense are, in fact, battered women who fought back (Kernsmith, 2005; Miller, 2005). They may well be at the same level of risk of serious injury or death as battered women who are seeking shelter.