As I said earlier, the Garleans have been using ceruleum for centuries - extracting it right out from under their feet, maybe refining it, maybe not - with no visible negative consequences to their home territory. It's not known to have any adverse effects on the environment (other than the blue haze that comes with its extraction... sometimes), it's not mutagenic, and it doesn't deplete the Lifestream like Mako energy does. All aether eventually returns to the land, to be reused in the great cycle.
Maybe, maybe not. Could just supercharge the ceruleum, such as that it burns hotter / last longer.
Either way, not an issue since the Seventh Calamity's destructive effect(s) were heavily mitigated by Louisoix's planning, and the writers probably didn't have that lore bit planned out during the Meteor Crisis that concluded 1.X lol.