Usually one to three days, maybe a little longer.

For that error you should try if you haven't yet, open the Edge browser and set the Security to Balanced or less and turn off all of the extensions if you have any, such as Ad Block.
Turn off the new setting in browser essentials (heart shape icon top right) that is Edge VPN. (may not be on but check if it is)

Then open the lodestone and click the mogstation button and login, see if the Crysta has been added, if not I would check bank account/card account for refunded money, if its refunded, then try again to add Crysta, it should work, but the thing with that error is, the more times you get it the longer the wait time to reuse the card.

If you really want to login soon, you could try:
Use the PayPal link to add Crysta if you failed by adding a credit/debit card with 24202 error;
This way will skip SE payment processing and use PayPal, it should not fail.

However if you did use PayPal and got that error, the card has been locked out for purchases for a certain duration of time, the more times it failed, it adds 24 hours of wait time (fraud protection).

If you haven't tried adding a credit card/debit card directly to the mogstation or using one to pay, then you can try that, don't do it if you have already and got the error.

Lastly, you can go to the SE online store for your region and buy a 60 day time card, they are download codes and you can buy them as a Guest if you don't want to sign-up, once you get the code you simply enter it on mogstation via the Time Card button.
NA region:
https://na.store.square-enix-games.c...card---digital
EU region:
https://eu.store.square-enix-games.c...card---digital

The SE online store uses a different payment processor so it wont reject a card already rejected on Mogstation.
Just make sure the web browser has no addons/extensions/built-in VPN turned on, these often trigger fraud (24202) errors.