you don't need to communicate much in dungeons since the vast majority of players you will play with are just doing their dailies while helping you, they have done that thousands of times and know that dungeons are braindead and impossible to fail.

using macros to do your abilities is a bad idea because it builds a bad habit, you end up with gaps of time doing nothing, because your cooldown is 2.5 seconds whereas macros can only execute at every second, meaning you lose 0.5 seconds of uptime between abilities

yes level sync completely disables abilities, you can't even macro them, you must learn to live with level syncing until very far into the future when you will not need to do synced content (once you level every job to max level)

targetting allies on a controller is very messy and hard because you rely on multiple presses of the dpad to cycle between targets, it's a disadvantage of the controller, but you must find ways around it. don't worry about it for now, you can be slow