Hi there!
As of today, whenever I try to start the launcher, I get the above error message during the "Checking the FINAL FANTASY XIV Updater/Launcher version" step (That is, I get the error message before reaching the launcher). This issue was not present in any previous attempt at running the launcher (in the entire 5 days I've been playing so far).
I have managed to get past this issue a singular time by starting the game with the 64 bit launcher, however a second attempt with it fails similarly.
The issue persists after a reinstall of the launcher (unless there is data left over that I'm not aware of that could interfere with a new install, beyond those in the My Games folder).
I have tried installing the launcher on a different computer within the household, the issue is not present on that computer (meaning that the problem is isolated on the computer itself and not at the router or beyond).
I have tried several recommended methods from around the internet (probably multiple times each), obviously to no effect.
I'm on a Windows 10 PC with Kaspersky Security Cloud, using the standalone (ie: not Steam) version of the game.
Any help is appreciated.
EDIT - Since then I have tried a few things in desperation. One trick worked for the total of a single launch (but to test the persistency of the "fix", I restarted the launcher soon afterwards, which put me back to the same error).
I installed the game to a different folder than the default one and spammed opening it, which somehow pushed it through.
This did allow me to realize that each fresh install comes with a launch attempt that seemingly does nothing.
While writing the edit, I had a realization and tested it. The launcher seems to work properly when the game is installed into a completely new location. I'm currently allowing for the complete install process of the game to run to see if that ends up fixing the issue. If not, then the problem will still require an actual solution, as complete reinstalls are not something I (or I'm guessing anyone) would want to be subjected to daily.
EDIT 2 - After the install finished, the game starts, however, the error comes back on subsequent attempts at starting the launcher.
EDIT 3 - After further testing, the idea I found in my first edit seems to have been nothing but a fluke. A mere alignment of the stars that somehow allowed things to go as they should for just a moment.
In either case, I have also tested a virtual machine for the error; Everything goes as it should.
Which leads me to the unfortunate conclusion that something on the software side is causing the problem, meaning that short of figuring out what crosses the wires for the FFXIV Launcher, a clean install of Windows seems like the only solution; Which is a headache I'd rather spare myself, if at all possible.