New to this completely

[Urthdigger]

Different regions have different materials. For copper, you'll need to go to Thanalan by taking an airship to Ul'dah. Some of the recent patch notes from when they altered where items are gathered have lists of what all you can gather at each camp, and you can also look on various fansites like ffxiv.gamerescape.com.

Leves come back every... 12 hours I think? You can check time until you get more in your attributes menu.