Getting 6 gathering attempts on nodes with no mention of any extra attempts?

[Kirika-]

Like said, there is a lot of RNG involved with each node, so it is possible to get 100% HQ or multi-hits without having to use any skills.
When a node spawns, your character will basically "roll the dice" on the node as to what if any features it will have (the exception is the one node in a cluster with item-per-hit bonus +1 which will always spawn). When you open the node, it does a skill/level/gear check to see if your level and stats will allow you to access those features. So, its RNG as to what it will have and its your stats/gear/level as to what will be visible/accessible to you.
On the latter, the higher your level over the node and the better stats/gear you have will result in better chances of successfully hits and higher chances of higher quality items.
Also, hidden and rare items are more likely to show.

As for not seeing the values of the features you do have access too (like extra hits, higher % HQ, multi-items, and such), the text will be somewhere in the targeting line and/or in the loot window. The only time you do not see all the info is if you have the box ticked to basically auto-hit the node for all of the item you selected, then you get the progress window which removes the normal loot window. Otherwise, if you are not see it at all, I'm not sure what the issue could be.