To generally sum up each patch you can usually just look at the contents of each to understand what you're getting.

Generally every odd numbered patch:
1 new dungeon
1 New trial w/EX (Only excludes on 5.1 since we're getting an EX version of an existing trial)
1 New Beast Tribe Related content (Either new tribe for #.1 and #.3 or the allied tribe quest for #.5)
1 Alliance Raid
Something pvp related
1 Ultimate (Excludes the final odd patch for the expac)
QoL updates for in game, etc.

Generally every even numbered patch:
2 New dungeons
1 New Trial w/EX version of it
New Raid tier w/ Savage coming two weeks after or so
1 New Beast tribe for the #.2 patch
QoL updates etc.

There's a lot more but those are the big things people bring up.