Tried again after doubly making sure to rest the system settings, and I actually made it past the loading screen this time.
Not very far, seeing as I only got a view of my hotbar and the lominsan brick work, but I could use chat and my character was apparently moving, so that's progress I suppose.
Interestingly, while I could open up my inventory, the only items that had their pictures loaded were the ones that were already on my bar. I'm no programmer by any stretch, but this makes it sound that the game is failing to load, for whatever reason.
Gonna try it again and create a new charcter to see if Limsa is just cursed right now.