A couple questions about Scholar, faeries and blindness.

[BiffWellington]

Considering Y'shtola is an archon of exegesis (interpretation of ancient texts and languages, most notably scripture) I would personally hope that SE would make a way bigger deal out of Y'shtola's loss of sight if she was suddenly unable to continue her life's work.

Another thing about Y'shtola's blindness... using the aether to "see" the way she does is slowly draining her lifeforce. So, it definitely has the potential to become a serious problem.

[Brightamethyst]

Another thing about Y'shtola's blindness... using the aether to "see" the way she does is slowly draining her lifeforce. So, it definitely has the potential to become a serious problem.

Maybe, but let's face it, being a Scion is really dangerous. I doubt any of the main Scions expect to die of old age.

[ObsidianFire]

I figured we could use some lore info about healing (and dying) related topics.

Various skill descriptions from the Lore Book

Pulse of Life
Drawing upon the aetheral reserve of every ally present, this potent incantation blossoms outwards from the white mage in a scintillating cloud of healing energies. The spell channels pure life force from the casters, reviving and restorying even those who have succumbed to fatal injury.

Benediction
The beneficiary of this spell is instantaneously cured of all wounds. Rather then exhaust the caster's own mana, Benediction gather ambient aether and releases it in a single concentrated burst of healing.

Asylum
Drawing upon ambient aether, this spell weaves a shimmering dome of restorative power within which even the most grievous of injuries will knit and heal. It is said that A-Towa-Cant developed the technique during this pilgrimage to provide swift succor to large groups of wounded.

Angel Feathers
"The faerie spread her angelic wings, and a shimmering light exploded over the battlefied. As it wash over me, I felt my pain subside, and where I had thought myself fatally broken, I was whole again."
- Anonymous adventurer describing the healing power of a scholar's faerie companion

Adloquium
The scholar's standard-issue healing spell. As well as closing wounds. Adloquium was designed to grant a secondary effect: a temporary arcane shield that haelped protect front-line marines from further injury.

Leeches (Scholar specific Esuna)
This spell cleanses the recipient of deleterious effects. According to the histories of Nym, it was devised to counter the insidious, debilitating magicks favored by the black mages of Mhach.

Astral Stasis
By throwing wide the gate to the seventh heaven--the highest of the astral domains--the astrologian favors the battle field with celestial benediction. This technique is said to hold the power to skew one's fate towards an almost certain victory.

Benefic
Astrologians channel healing energies by attuning their aether to the "benefic" bodies in the heavens. Paired with an affinity for "malefic" bodies to effect destructive magicks, this attunement represents the fundamental principle of astromancy.

Also, the Return spell is something that really does work in-game. And it seems to automatically activate when people get knocked out. So I could see the city-states preparing for injured people to spontaneously teleport to the cities upon knocking out and making sure in times of war that there is healers stationed at the main aetheryte. This also probably means that once someone gets injured enough to faint, they often end up disappearing from a battle-field, so the various military organizations probably have to end up planing for and around that a lot.

I'd say that lore-wise, healing life-threatening injuries is definetly a thing. However, the descriptions of the spells used to do so (the Limit Breaks, Benediction, Asylum) are all job spells and require lots of aether. Enough aether that those spells specifically mention being limit breaks and using everyone's aether or use ambient aether, which isn't good to overuse. So there's probably very few healers who can heal injuries of that magnitude. Conjury is almost purposely gimped to not over use ambient aether, so most healers (who are Conjurers) probably can't heal injuries that are super damaging. But just because most people cannot do that does not mean it isn't possible. The reason White Mage was limited to only the Padjali and the holder of the White Mage Soul Stone was so that those crazy good healing spells would not be used en masse. Scholars and Astrologins use different kinds of aether to heal (SCH uses internal aether, AST uses stellar aether) so they probably follow different ruels. And those jobs are just being introduced to Eorzea too.

So yeah, is it possible to heal lots of people en masse from life-threatening injuries? Yeah, probably, but the people who have enough aether or access to the right techniques is super tiny.

[Sounsyy]

Regarding raise, I think this is more a game gimmick instead of actual lore. (Otherwise we'd simply raise the dead)
Imo, the actual "Raise" spell doesn't exist. If you wanna roleplay around it, it would just be advanced healing to put back on feet someone who's been seriously injured and isn't able to fight anymore

Raise does exist in lore and gets brought up. I think the hangup is assuming that per gameplay mechanics, allies whose HP hits 0 are "dead" when (as ObsidianFire mentioned) lore on teleportation actually suggests that these people are just knocked unconscious or unresponsive. They might very well die if no help comes, but hitting 0 HP doesn't seem to be the point of actual death. Though, we can also maybe equate Raise and similar spells to magical Cardioversion. Perhaps an allies heart stopped and they're pulseless, Raise might be the magical equivalent to putting on the pads and shocking them. Sometimes people are brought back, sometimes they aren't.

I figured we could use some lore info about healing (and dying) related topics.

I will also add to this. This post has a collection of both magical and non-magical healing lore, hospitals, loss of limbs, and other limitations to magical healing. Hope this helps!