Most PS4 players use a keyboard for chat, though typically stick with the controller for everything else. In fact, the game has a "Direct Chat" option (which I believe is the default for PS4) which makes the game automatically switch to the chat box whenever you start typing. Any USB or Bluetooth keyboard should work with PS4. If you're going with a wired USB one, just make sure the cord is long enough to reach to where you sit while playing. (That may eliminate some options since TV to couch distances tend to be farther than the PC to desk distances envisioned when making keyboards for PC.) I have a USB keyboard with an extra long cord, but many players prefer wireless keyboards to avoid that problem. There's also options for either full size or mini keyboards. Personally, I find typing easier on a full size keyboard. I play with the keyboard on my lap and the controller usually in my hands. I just set the controller down for a moment when I need to type.
When you add other classes, you don't lose your experience as an archer, but neither do you get to keep that level on the other class. If you unlock carpenter, for example, you would then be a level 33 archer and level 1 carpenter. You can add any or all classes in the game, but each one will have its own level. Whenever you switch to a different class, you'll also be switching to the level you have in that class. Once unlocked (by a simple quest at the class's guild hall), you switch between them simply by equipping that class's main hand weapon or tool. (Typically, though, you'll want to switch all your gear at once, since you'll need gear that's appropriate to both the level of that class and its role. If you haven't yet used the "gear set list" from the character window, you'll want to once you add multiple classes. It's basically just a way of having the game remember which gear you want to use together, so you can change it all out at once.)
For upgrading Archer to Bard, or any other combat class to its associated job(s), do all your class quests (which you should be doing anyway, each five levels). Then when you finish the level 30 one, a quest will open up at the class guildhall to unlock your job. For Bard, the quest is A Song of Bards and Bowmen. That quest will introduce your job trainer and send you to where you'll take subsequent job quests (in the South Shroud in this case). Then, just as you had class quests each five levels from 1 - 30, you'll instead have job quests each five levels from 30 - 50, then each 2 or 3 levels after that.
EDIT:
Oh, and to unlock jobs, you also have to have completed at least up through the quest Sylph-management in the main scenario. It's at level 20, but a lot of people out-level the main scenario quests, especially if they do a lot of the optional side content and/or run dungeons repeatedly.