So I'll go through the examples you have one by one:

Juggler, although it has brought support stuff, would wind up as either a melee or (in the case of this thread) a physical ranged DPS.

Mime....no. Just....no. Not even gonna dignify that one with an answer.

Blue Mage, if you look in the thread in my sig (#shamelessplug), I made it as a melee DPS, but there is a lot of controversy as to whether or not it could be a tank or a DPS. The most likely circumstance is that the baseline features of it would likely be incorporated into a new job exclusive to XIV.

Orator....our characters don't talk, so that job wouldn't work anyway. Also the setup for it meant it was really something that could ONLY work in Tactics and nothing beyond that.

Time Mage's support functions got baked into Astrologian, and anyone who has played the Astrologian story should know that a Time Mage is an empowered Astrologian. That being said, if it was released as something separate, it'd be either a caster DPS as you suggest or as a tank inspired by the Time Battlemage of XII.

Lastly, Chemist has always been demanded as a healer since the days after Astrologian came out (and maybe before that, who knows), and that's what it would probably be if it were to be released in XIV.

In fact, any job--even most of those jobs you list from Tactics--can easily be shaped to fall anywhere in the MMORPG trinity, meaning there's not really any reason to provide a fourth role due to support functions being the easiest thing spread across all the other roles.