Good morning everyone!

I recently started playing and currently I am lvl 12 on my Thaumaturge and picked up a few Conjurer levels.

Now I have been getting a number of items but there is some information on them that I cannot quite figure out yet, so i come to you seeking some knowledge:

Convertible: Yes
Projectable: Yes
Desynthesizable: Yes
Crest-Worthy: No

What do these things mean?
I tried looking for some information but I haven't found me a solid source yet.

Also, I am aware that you can get certain skills from other classes in your toolset if the levels gained are appropriate.
Now I want to pick up the Arcanist class, but I cannot seem to reach Limsa.
I walked to the area west of Horizon, but the boat doesn't seem to go?
The ferryman isn't willing to sell me a ticket.

Looking forward to your insights!

Azuna