Depends what role I am in the duty but one general rule I have for everyone is manners and teamplay. Meaning, not asking for mechanics when new and causing the party to wipe, not playing together as a team, running ahead from tanks, not waiting for the party as if you were alone here, not caring for songs, buffs, anything that could make things easier and faster, will result in no commendation. I don't care how high your parse is or how many stacks of whatever you gonna lose if you wait for this slow guy that's still catching up. You won't get a commendation from me if you are only focused on yourself.
Then, and taking into account the entire party is worthy of praise and doubts may come up who to toss the kudos, I normally give it to the tank if I'm healing, to the healer if I'm tanking, and to my co-dps if I'm on dps. Most of the time I do roulettes with my boyfriend and if we get a match where everyone is awesome, we ask eachother who we want to commend and we give one to each.
Generally, and going with the above philosophy, I will commend for instance, or better said, I won't commend if this doesn't happen:
a smn who raises without having to be asked to, pops Eye for an Eye/Virus and doesn't have Garuda on sic;
a brd who sings and dispells;
a tank who uses cds and is able to hold groups while contributing to damage while stance dancing;
a healer who buffs, dispells, cleric dances, doesn't Fluid Aura things away, has appropiate fairies/sects;
a blm who knows his rotation (no, I have no simpathy for ice mages), actually moves out of Ley Lines when needed, and pops Apocastasis now and then;
a mnk who doesn't pull, pops Mantra when needed and does positionals;
a drg who doesn't tank the floor (lol jk), no, seriously, a drg who doesn't tank the floor, keeps Heavy Thrust up and uses Battle Litany;
a nin who watches party hate, goads, trick attacks and keeps Huton up;
a mch who doesn't shoot things away and uses ammo and Hot Shot;
It kinda works like a bar for me, every aspect makes the bar fill up until TADAAAA commendation for you! But it's not as strict as I may make it sound, if people don't say hello at start but turn out to be friendly and perform nicely, they will get a comm. If any of the above listed doesn't happen but they are very friendly and nobody was "better", they will get a comm. If you don't act like a human being, I expect you to act like NPCs, therefore do what your job tells you to do. I won't rage or kick or anything like that, I just won't commend. Also mainly, I value the human factor, if you are nice and make the run fun and joyful, even though you miss out most of the points listed ealier, you will get a comm. If you don't say a word, are as fun to play with as a dried cockroach, and don't even do what your job tells you to, nope, no comm. I'm not gonna commend the tank for tanking or the healer for healing. If I don't have anyone to commend then so be it.
Tl;dr...