Um, yes you can join the same FC. You can't invite yourself to the FC, of course. But you can either have someone else invite you or, if you want a solo FC, temporarily open up recruitment and relog to apply for membership. Me and my flatmate have an FC for our alts, mainly to stop the FC invite spam (and to make it easier to transfer stuff between characters via FC chest, though we more often mail each other's alts with stuff).
The game is designed to allow alts; if it wasn't, there would only be the "single character per server" subscription model.
I'm... half-and-half in agreement. Yes, it's annoying at times (like when doing the boring/repetitive stretches of the MSQ), but I also understand why they decided to do so. (Insert here any number of jokes regarding Ishgard being a gated community.)
Mostly, however, this doesn't have anything to do with the queue times for duties, since A) they give plenty of rewards for people to run the roulettes at least once per day, and all the things required for MSQ are in the roulettes. And B), if you don't want to rely on strangers, it's the perfect excuse to actually make friends with other players. You know, socialize. Play the game the way it was intended to. Before they added DF into the game. And I don't mean that in a condescending way. Me and my flatmate used to play this as a co-op, and found dungeons with strangers a chore. After we did Titan (normal), we decided "we're never doing hard mode if this was normal". Then... we made good friends, and found ourselves not only doing Titan HM but Ex as well, and loving it. I think the first thing either of us said after the first time we did HM was "...can we go again?"
No, most of my annoyance with their decision to lock 3.x entirely behind 2.x MSQ was their decision to lock the new jobs behind it as well. They could easily have placed their trainers somewhere in Coerthas or Mor Dhona and just locked them behind level 30. Lock them behind the level 30-ish MSQ if they must. Instead of this "get to 50, do all the 50 quests, then pick up the new job and start re-levelling it from 30 again".
I've accepted their decision to do so, but not happily ^^; (Besides, it's not as though they could change that now.)
Edit: (To save today's post count)
It's a good idea. But it'd still give the same problems with the job trainers. They'd need to find some way of cross-checking achievements (or similar) and apply it to all other alts, and coming up with an alternative 'story' for how you become those jobs. The job quests are written, after all, based on their job trainers being behind the Ishgard MSQ wall. And while it might not seem like an issue now, I'd bet that if they took the cheap way out and let the story be the same, people would complain about how the job quests refer to stuff that hasn't happened yet. And if they changed it into the just "hey, you're now a [job]. grats", people would complain that it cheapened the [job] story. ^^;