The game does have a lot of cultural influences for a few reasons:

1) Eorzea is not one unified culture. Each region has/had its own and they tended towards the isolationist or expansionist (triggering wars, Umbral eras and such), the naming conventions in this very forum kinda help in understanding where they come from.
2) Besides the cultures (Ul'dah and Sil'dih, Gelmorra then Gridania, Nym then Limsa) there are also the clan naming conventions (as said before) that expand even more the options present (an Ul'dahn Dunesfolk would have a very different name than a Garlean Midlander, and yes, I know pure-blooded Garleans are closer in size to Elezen and Highlanders, it's an example).
3) It's a Final Fantasy game that takes many influences and makes references to previous Final Fantasies. Ravana, Shiva and Ramuh come from Hindu Mythology, yet don't seem to have much in common in-game.