No, summoners in the traditional single player JRPG FF games use summons as a limit break sort of skill.. This is an MMO, you can't have such powerful spells at your arsenal every time you cast
At later levels though, you can start controlling your summons (you already can at lower lvls, but there's no reason to) and it'll keep you busy. If you're expecting to be a powerful summoner type the traditional FF games have, that really can't be implemented in an MMO setting where the combat is real time. i.e. You can't stay back and cast away for 3 minutes while your team is protecting you and BOOM! Boss dies in 1 summon.. Just not feasible for MMO.
Oh, but if you're looking for that fancy, special attack.. You should try the limit breaks, you can only use it a couple times in a dungeon, but it is powerful.. That's probably the closest as you'll get to an actual "Summoner" type spell in this game.. There's some speculation about the overhaul of the limit break system, so maybe that'll be something to look forward to for you.