DF queue isn't really broken, except for possibly PVP queues which has some hidden matchmaking coding.

I see your main is Arcanist, so I assume you're playing DPS, Summoner job? If so get used to long queue times. It isn't going to get any better.
Here are the underlying issues:
(1) nobody is queueing for the duty you want to do
(2) other people queuing for the duty you want are of the same role as you, and you're competing for spots (you need to wait in line)

There isn't really any easy way to fix those 2 things.

I see you have Arcanist leveled? Perhaps you might want to try switching over to Scholar. Your queue times should improve significantly, if you're willing to try out the Healer role.