I agree that some form of in-game recipe list is needed. At launch, finding recipes was part of the game challenge, especially since all the recipes are stored server side to prevent them being dat-mined, but nowadays all the recipes are accessible through 3rd party websites, so what is the point of them not being accessible in-game?
To be honest, there are synths rather like this already. I was making Blue Coral Arrows (at 6 ranks above me), which are a decent practice recipe, and something that I can sell for modest profit (which is completely my preference). Between the skills (Perfection) and (Assemble), it's not uncommon for me to take only 5 steps to complete the synth.
That said, a reduction in the number of steps for the simpler low level items would make sense, in my opinion.
This is often a big issue. If lower rank gathered/hunted materials are only used for lower rank items, they quickly become valueless (see copper ore for example), but if they are used in high-rank synths, they become too expensive for the low rank items (see Sheepskin for an example).
The only way I see out of this is similar to how EVE does it : low rank-items use ONLY the low-rank mats, and far fewer of them, while the high-rank items use many low-rank mats and fewer high-rank mats. Balancing it all is tricky, but ideally very little gathered/hunted material should be going to the NPC vendors.
My impression on this is that the recipes were created in order to match the physical look of the gear as much as possible. This is why early-rank MRD axes require Red Buffalo Leather straps, for example.
Designing recipe balance based on how an artist designed the look of a piece of gear isn't particularly good game design.
There are alternatives to trying to force more functionality in the markets. Functionality could be added to the crafting guilds, making them mini-markets dealing in the parts and materials related to their craft. The NPC merchants at the craft guilds already sell some parts and materials. However to not compete with player crafter/merchants, the prices are very high.
As an alternative, let the craft guilds post task order to players (could use the current task board) to supply parts and materials that are used in that craft. The player gets paid (and possibly bonus SP), and the items are then re-listed (at a slight mark-up) and sold to players. Players would then know that they could go to the appropriate crafting guild in order to acquire the parts and materials needed.
Finally, I'd like to plug my own little niche, a specialization system and re-purposing of the treatise system, located here.