I feel your pain. I got an unexpected vacation from Eorzea last week due to an error in processing my payment, on a card that I have been using since launch. Attempting to re-enter the card proved fruitless as I got many of the errors you spoke of. I emailed customer support, got the usual lame response of "can't process, contact financial institution" etc.. I replied explaining a few things and their reply again, was contact financial institution, wait 24hours to try again since there is a lock each time you try and it fails, meaning the clock on the lock restarts each time you error out. They even mentioned it could last up to 30 days.

So I let it be. For S&G's Sunday night I tried and it worked. I made sure that my billing info matched my SE account info as I heard that is something that can cause an issue.

I hope it works out for you. If the purchase isn't going through still, use the online chat to support. I had to do that when making a server transfer, using the same card the recurring sub was coming from, and they were able to push it after I got the errors.

GL