Recently, Foxclon posted
a reply to a player query about the name astrologian.
As most of you know, the term astrologian has been used in ARR to refer to those Ishgardians employed at the Observatorium in the Coerthas central highlands. The Japanese term for the profession is 星占術
士 (sei-sen-jutsu-
shi). When the new astrologian job was announced for Heavensward, however, the documentation shown at the Tokyo Fan Festival had a different 'spelling' for the Japanese: 星占術
師. This word, while pronounced exactly the same (sei-sen-jutsu-
shi) can be seen to be using a different 4th character.
Foxclon's reply states that the shift from one character to the other is intentional, with the former being an Ishgardian spelling, and the latter a Sharlayan one. There is also the fact that (while both esentially meaing 'person') the meaning of the two characters actually differs slightly (士 being used in words like 騎士/knight, 兵士/soldier, 消防士/fireman and 師 being used in words like 教師/teacher, 医師/doctor, 薬剤師/pharmacologist).
So why, then, did the EN choose to stick with astrologian for the job name than choose a different term (like, say, astrologer)? Well, back when deciding the terms to be used for the new jobs, I discussed this very issue with Oda-san (XIV Lore Team lead). A proper conveyance of slight difference in meaning between 士 and 師 couldn't simply be done by having one be astrologian and one be astrologer because the difference between 士 and 師 is different than the difference between astrologian and astrologer.
Because I wasn't ready to simply change the word for the sake of changing it, I explored several different options with Oda-san, finally coming to the consensus that keeping the terms the same in English was the best option. The main reason behind this was that in Eorzea, spoken language has far more weight than written language (with literacy rates amongst the commonfolk being low). As both Japanese renditions of the job name are pronounced exactly the same, it felt right to have the English terms also be the same, preserving the oral similarity. As for the slight difference in meaning between the Ishgardian and Sharlayan spellings in the Japanese, we agreed that these could be explained within in-game quests, NPC dialogue, or tomes found in...certain locations (

).
I hope that helps clear things up!
(On a side note, now that Fan Fests are all finished and 2.5 patch craziness is winding down, I'm hoping to take time over the next few weeks to sit down and address a lot of the pending questions that have been filling up the Lore Forums. Thanks for being so patient, and thanks to those players who have chimed in to answer stuff where they could. You guys are lifesavers!)