I found a really fun use or Provoke outside of dungeons that works because of how Provoke works. Chocobos can't be directly commanded to attack (unless they can and I'm a moron). They attack a target once you use a skill on them. When doing Beast Tribe quests where I need to interact with things, a single monster aggroing on me will make it a pain to do unless I kill the monster. To get around that, I use Provoke on the monster. This triggers the choco to attack it, and since Provoke created no aggro, the choco's first hit pulls it off me so I can do the interaction without having to waste time killing the monster.

So, basically, I taunt an enemy so it won't attack me. Yup, makes sense!