1) tracert != ping
2) which IP did you ping?

From Windows Task Manager, Performance tab, you can select Resource Monitor, Network tab, select the ffxiv executable when you're at the start screen before selecting datacenter, see what IP's are listed, then select datacenter and see if any new IP's are listed.
Those are the IP's that are important to check.

If you still have anti-malware or other security software installed, but disabled, try uninstalling them completely as they usually come with filter drivers that are NOT disabled when disabling the software and only removal works to get rid of interference from them.