Well, I reset my CPU to it's default clock settings and reverted back to the previous Nvidia driver. I still can not load the game if my character is in a crowded area (Limsa Lominsa) and it crashes after a few minutes in other areas (in the rare cases it makes it past the loading screen).
I tried playing Skyrim and BioShock Infinite and they run perfectly on ultra settings, so I'm pretty certain this issue is exclusive to FF14 Arr and the new patch. I submitted a ticket to Square Enix and hope to know more soon.