The only base stat that foods will raise are PIE and VIT.

Anything else they boost are secondary stats, so Accuracy, Determination, Crit Rate, and Parry.

Food in general is a small boost, but a more "consistent" damage/healing increase will be given by food with Determination. If you look at the stats on the food, it lists a % boost and a Max value. For example, Determination +4% (Max 10) will give you up to 10 Determination. Higher level foods have higher caps but lower % boosts, so you can do the math and figure out what would be best for your stats.

Worst case scenario food will give you extra HP from the VIT bonus and a small XP boost so it's worth having some on hand whenever you do stuff like dungeons.