I don't think anyone was ever trying to say that Doma was free. Just that there may be others on Othard that are. Of all the places I've seen it mentioned that "all" of Othard is conquered it's seemed plausible to me that it may be only a figure of speech that avoids mentioning all the little nuances.

If it is entirely subjugated though, that still leaves us with the question of where exactly our Heavensturn visitors hail from and how broad the meaning of "Far East" is.

And going back to the "borrowed colors" Kyan, I think they only flew the new colors to avoid pursuers later in the journey, not when they launched. So it's not that the Garleans aren't attacking ships, they must have just used a convenient time to slip past the Garlean's notice and once out of range, didn't want to be rediscovered.