Can I teleport my new friend?

He just started today... How can I teleport him around? I need to get him to Lima for intro quests.

Your friend can only be teleported if they already attuned to the crystal. Other wise there is a boat by Waking Sands that can take you to Limsa.
The intro quests will be in whatever city-state they start in. Lvl15 story quest also unlocks the airship I believe.

It depends if he's already been to Limsa and thus has attuned himself to the aetheryte there - you can only teleport to a place you've already been to.

The Vesper Bay - Limsa Lominsa ferry is actually locked until you have your airship pass sadly so you can't even use that to access Limsa until you've done the story quest that takes you to the other cities via airship.

Talking of attuning teleportation booths, on my Marauder, he's got loads of places in Lima to teleport to, but only one place in Gridania, and one place in gridania, the main aetherite hub i think, and in uldar he only has two satellite villages despite attuning every aetherite shard in uldar. How can i get to teleport to the main place in uldar for example?

Did you actually attune to the main aetheryte in Ul'dah, not just the shards?

And for the original poster: If your friend didn't start in Limsa all their intro quests will be wherever they started until they get to the point in the storyline where they get airship access. In other words, if they haven't been to limsa yet to attune there's no way for you to teleport them yet and no point to.

My friend chose a Pugilist after I'd chosen an archer, so I had to to restart as a Marauder. Then we discovered that grouping is largely pointless anyway, at least at low levels. But at least we got to meet in game.

For the first 15 levels, the main storyline quests will be in or around the city where you began the game. Even between characters who began in Ul'dah and Gridania (who are at least capable of traveling by foot to the other's starting city), they won't share the same quests until they reach the level 15 quest where all the city-specific storylines merge.

In the case of Limsa Lominsa (which is on an island, so you can't get there by foot), it's not even possible for characters who began there to get to the other cities or characters who began in the other cities to get there until airship access is unlocked at level 15.

(The city-specific story arcs end with "The Lominsan Envoy", "The Gridanian Envoy", or "The Ul'dahn Envoy", depending on your starting class/city. Those are the ones that unlock airship and ferry travel. They're all followed by the "Call of the Sea" quest, and from there on out, it's a single quest line regardless of where you began the game. Both the Envoy quest and Call of the Sea will come at level 15.)